CS875 - Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence

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CS875 Unit 2 DB Primary posting
Joel Maloff
April 24, 2020


Source Johns Hopkins University
(https://ep.jhu.edu/programs-and-courses/programs/artificial-intelligence)


This assignment required the selection of an article from the Educause website and a review of at least one technology and one key trend described in the article. Additionally, we are asked to address two forces that impact the topics covered in the article. I selected “Preventing a winter of disillusionment” by Baer, Hagman, and Kil (Baer, Hagman, & Kil, 2020).

The focus of this article is the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and human intelligence (HI) as demonstrated in the higher education field. It is interesting to note that the authors make the distinction that AI really represents augmented intelligence rather than artificial intelligence, and that, as machines get smarter they make humans smarter as well. Human intelligence is supplemented by AI just as tools like a telescope help to expand our senses (Baer et al., 2020).

AI can process enormous amounts of data and to derive projections and conclusions from that data. However, the adage of “garbage in, garbage out” still applies even in today’s world of Big Data. Intentional involvement of HI can lead to more perceptive conclusions and enhanced creativity. HI can draw insights from AI that allow for new patterns of behavior and improvements in processes. By themselves, AI and HI alone cannot accomplish the same successes (Baer et al., 2020).

The authors use healthcare as an example of how and why AI and HI must be used together rather than separately. They cite an example of a program regarding the use of AI and treatment for diabetic patients. The results of the program were successful, so it was broadened to include all patients. It failed because they realized that no one approach addressed the needs of all patients. Specific unique requirements were present that the initial study had not addressed (Baer et al., 2020). As a result, the authors have provided their recommendations regarding how to include both AI and HI in the movement from prediction to implementation. These recommendations offer a rational approach from identifying the target populations and objectives to the creation of act-based implementation plans (Baer et al., 2020).

Two of the forces that are evident in this article are technological and social. Artificial intelligence or augmented intelligence – both terms work here – are increasingly being used in healthcare, higher education, and business today. The caution provided by these authors is to not presume that AI in its various forms can fully replace human intuition and perception.

We must recognize the limitations that are present in AI. Additionally, from a social perspective, we also cannot surrender human intelligence to machines and presume that AI can do everything that we can. One of the gating factors in the ability of AI and HI to effectively integrate is the use of natural language processing (NLP), allowing human and machine interaction to become more natural (New Medium Consortium, 2017) Also, from a social viewpoint, AI can be used in different ways in differing circumstances. For example, if a nation-state allows AI to be used to violate human rights, organizations from other countries can legally intrude upon those populations (Miller, 2018).

Human intelligence and augmented/artificial intelligence, when combined, are very powerful. At the end of the day, we, as humans, determine how that power is used.

References
Baer, L., Hagman, A., & Kil, D. (2020). Preventing a Winter of Disillusionment: Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence in Student Success. Educause Review(2020 Issue #1), 47-54.
Miller, J. W. (2018). THE CREEPING ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. America, 219(11), 20-26.

New Medium Consortium. (2017). Horizon Report - 2017 Higher Education Edition. Retrieved from https://library.educause.edu/-/media/files/library/2017/2/2017horizonreporthe.pdf

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